Adverb Clauses and Phrases -- CAUSE , RESULT, PURPOSE, or HOW MUCH?

ADVERB CLAUSES * SO * PRACTICE

CAUSE: (What caused it?) ................................................................... (HE STUDIED)
He passed the test because / since
due to the fact that
because of
due to
as a result of 		he (had) studied

his hard work.

PURPOSE: (Why did he do it?) .............................. (HE WANTED TO PASS THE TEST)

He studied because he wanted
in order
so as
so (that)
in order that
to pass the test.


he could pass the test

RESULT: (what happened?) .................................................................. (HE PASSED)

He studied hard , (and) so he passed the test.
; (and) therefore, he passed the test.
    (how much?........................................ (VERY HARD/GOOD, SO HE PASSED)
He studied very hard,
He is a very good student;
He studied
He is
(He didn't study
(He isn't 		(and) so he passed the test
(and) therefore, he passed the test.
so hard that he passed the test
such a good student that he passed the test
so hard that he went blind.)
such a good student that the other students dislike him.)



FIELD OF DREAMS * HOOSIERS * JURASSIC PARK * SABRINA * BROADCAST NEWS

Answer these questions (after watching the movie Field of Dreams ), using adverb clauses or phrases: (Which "why?" questions could be answered with both a "cause" and a "purpose" ?) Here are some possible answers.

Answer these questions (after watching the movie Hoosiers ), using adverb clauses or phrases: (Which "why?" questions could be answered with both a "cause" and a "purpose" ?) Here are some possible answers.
Answer these questions (after watching the movie Jurassic Park ), using adverb clauses or phrases: (Which "why?" questions could be answered with both a "cause" and a "purpose" ?)
Answer these questions (after watching the movie Sabrina ), using adverb clauses or phrases: (Which "why?" questions could be answered with both a "cause" and a "purpose" ?)
Answer these questions (after watching the movie Broadcast News ), using adverb clauses or phrases: (Which "why?" questions could be answered with both a "cause" and a "purpose" ?)

FURTHER PRACTICE:

SOME POSSIBLE ANSWERS ... BUT YOU MAY HAVE THOUGHT OF DIFFERENT ONES:

FIELD OF DREAMS:
  1. He went to California because he wanted to / so (that) he could / (in order) to get away from his father.
  2. He built the field because the voice told him to / because of the voice / so (that) "he" would come.
  3. He liked SJJ because his father had / because of his father.
  4. He was called "Shoeless Joe" because he had taken off his shoes once while he was playing.
  5. He stopped because he was suspended for cheating / because of the "Black Sox" scandal.
  6. They came because they wanted to / so (that) they could / (in order) to play baseball / because Ray built the field / because of the field.
  7. They didn't invite Ty Cobb because they didn't like him / because of his unpleasant personality.
  8. Mark couldn't see the players because he didn't believe in them / because of his attitude.
  9. Ray went to Boston because the voice told him to "ease his pain." / because of the voice / so (that) he could / (in order) to take Terence Mann to a baseball game.
  10. Ray thought he was supposed to go to Minnesota because he saw a message on the Fenway Park scoreboard about it / because of the message on the scoreboard.
  11. Terence Mann decided to go because he saw the message, too / because he wanted to / so (that) he could / (in order) to find Moonlight Graham.
  12. They went to the newspaper office because they couldn't find Moonlight Graham in the telephone book / because they wanted to / so (that) they could / (in order) to find out about Moonlight Graham.
  13. He'd stopped because he realized he'd be sent down to the minor leagues.
  14. They loved him because he was kind and generous / because of his kindness and generosity.
  15. She called him (in order) to tell him that Mark's company had foreclosed on their loan / because Mark's company had foreclosed on their loan / because of the foreclosure.
  16. They had to sell it because they didn't have enough money to pay the mortgage / because of the field.
  17. He couldn't go back because he'd left the field to help Karin.
  18. He loved him so much (that) he talked about him all of the time.
  19. He had become so discouraged (that) he stopped writing. (He became discouraged because there was war and racism / because of the war and racism.)
  20. He was so angry (that) he almost hit him with a crowbar! (He was angry because Ray had bothered him / because of the invasion of his privacy.)
  21. The field was so expensive (that) they almost lost their farm. (It was expensive because it used up good farmland.)
  22. He liked the field so much (that) he thought it was heaven!
  23. Her fall was so serious (that) Doc Graham had to leave the field to help her.
  24. So many people came (that) they could afford to keep their farm and the field. (They came because baseball was important to them / because of baseball / they wanted to / so (that) they could / (in order) to see the field.)
HOOSIERS:
  1. He came so that he could / (in order) to coach basketball / because he needed a job
  2. He hadn't coached because he had been suspended from college coaching for hitting a player.
  3. He hired him because they had been friends in college.
  4. He stopped because he didn't want to play without Coach Tibbs.
  5. She didn't want him to play so that he could have a better future / because she thought there were more important things than basketball.
  6. They were worried because they didn't understand Coach Dale's methods.
  7. He made them practice without the ball so that they could develop other important skills / because he knew there was more to basketball than shooting.
  8. He didn't play because he was too short.
  9. He insisted on 4 passes so that the team would work together better / because he wanted them to work together.
  10. He made him give it back because he was embarrassed for him.
  11. He came so that he could / (in order) to talk to Coach Dale about the team / because he was interested in basketball and wanted to help.
  12. He asked him so that he would have a chance to succeed / because he needed Shooter's help.
  13. He asked him so that Shooter would have to be the coach / because he wanted Shooter to gain confidence.
  14. He painted it red so that he could / (in order) to drive the team to their games / because the Hickory Huskers' team color was red.
  15. They had a meeting so that they could / (in order) to vote to fire Coach Dale / because they were unhappy with Coach Dale's coaching.
  16. He came so that he could / (in order) to say that he was ready to start playing basketball again / because he thought Coach Dale was a good coach.
  17. She went so that she could / (in order) to find out why Norman Dale had quit coaching / because she was curious about Norman Dale's past.
  18. She took it to the meeting so that she could / (in order) to read it to the audience / because she thought people should know about it.
  19. She didn't read it because she didn't want Coach Dale to be fired.
  20. He was in the hospital so that he could / (in order) to recover from alcoholism / because he was an alcoholic.
  21. They went so that they could / (in order) to play in the state finals / because they had won the regional tournament.
  22. He asked them to measure it so that they could see / (in order) to show them that the court was exactly the same size as theirs in Hickory / because he knew that they were nervous about playing in such a big arena.
  23. It was so small (that) / such a small town (that) the train only came once a week.
  24. It was so serious (that) / such a serious offence (that) he was suspended from coaching.
  25. He was affected so much (that) / It had such a big effect on him (that) he quit playing.
  26. So many people cared about the team (that) / It was such an important part of the town (that) even the movie theater closed when the team was playing.
  27. They were so angry (that) / such angry men (that) they wanted to fire him.
  28. He was so important (that) / such an important player (that) they all wanted him to return.
  29. They became so good (that) / such a good team (that) they won the state championship.
  30. He was so excited (that) / such an excited patient (that) he jumped up and down on his bed.
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Ann Salzmann
Intensive English Institute
University of Illinois